Terms & Conditions

Index of Terms

Website Terms of Use

Date of version: 23 June 2015

Thank you for visiting this website.

These website terms of use, which incorporate the applicable Additional Terms (as defined below) (together “Terms“) apply to your use of this website and any and all other websites operated by Springer Nature Limited (each a “Site“). Please note that these Terms apply, regardless of the means of delivery of any Site to you.

By using any Site, you indicate that you have read and accept these Terms, including the applicable Additional Terms and agree to abide by and be bound by all such Terms (as modified from time to time). If you do not accept all applicable Terms, please refrain from using any Site.

Please note that we may change these Terms from time to time without notice so you should review them each time that you visit any Site.

We draw your attention to the limitations on liability contained in clause 11 below and to the consents to data transfer and processing contained in clause 9 below.

In addition to these Terms each Site may have supplementary terms and conditions which apply to the Site(s) on which they appear or the services available on the Site (“Additional Terms“). Please ensure that you read any Additional Terms and the Privacy Policy as they form part of these Terms in respect of the Site(s) to which they relate. To the extent that the Additional Terms conflict with these Terms, the Additional Terms shall prevail (including, without limitation, any liability limitations or exclusions in the Additional Terms), but only in respect of the Site(s) on which they appear.

Index

About us
1. Each Site is operated by Springer Nature Limited, a company registered in England under company number 00785998 with a registered office at The Campus, 4 Crinan Street, London, N1 9XW, United Kingdom, VAT number GB199440621 (“we“, “us“, “our“).
Contacting us
1. If you suspect misuse of any Site, please refer to the Additional Terms for the relevant Site for information as to the appropriate person to contact.
2. For general comments on any Site, or to seek permission to do anything prohibited by or not contained in the applicable Terms, or which requires our prior consent or agreement, you can contact us following the instructions found on the ‘Contact’ page on the relevant Site.
3. We respect the intellectual property rights of others, and we request that our visitors do the same. It is our policy to terminate the accounts of users who repeatedly infringe the rights of others. If you think your work has been copied in a manner that constitutes copyright infringement, you may notify our copyright agent, who can be reached at:
  Nature America, Inc.
  One New York Plaza, Suite 4500
  New York, NY 10004
  Attention: Legal Department
  Email: copyrightagent@springernature.com
  Phone: +1-212-460-0220
  Please include all of the following in your notification:
  1. A physical or electronic signature of the person authorized to act on behalf of the owner of an exclusive copyright that is allegedly infringed;
  2. a description of the copyrighted work you claim has been infringed;
  3. a description of where the material you claim is infringing is located on the site;
  4. your address, telephone number, email address and all other information reasonably sufficient to permit us to contact you;
  5. a statement by you that you have a good faith belief that the disputed use is not authorized by the copyright owner, its agent or the law; and
  6. a statement by you, made under penalty of perjury, that the above information in your notice is accurate and that you are the copyright owner or authorized to act on behalf of the owner of an exclusive right that is allegedly infringed.
  If you would like to report any defamatory content, please click here.
Using Sites
1. Access to any Site is permitted on a temporary basis and we reserve the right to withdraw or amend the service we provide on the Site or part of the Site without notice. We will not be liable or responsible if for any reason any or all Site(s) is (are) unavailable at any time or for any period.
2. We may update any Site from time to time, and may change the content at any time. Please note that any of the content on any Site may be out of date at any time, and we are under no obligation to update it.
3. The information and materials on any Site are not intended to amount to advice on which you should rely. As such, we disclaim all liability and responsibility arising from any reliance placed on such information and materials by any visitor to the Site, or by any person who may be informed of any of its content.
4. You may view (and, where applicable, listen to and/or watch) the content and applications available on the Site for your own private non-commercial use. You must not use or allow others to access or use, all or any part of our Site or the contents and/or applications on it for commercial purposes without our permission. Use of all or any part of any Site or the contents and/or applications on it for commercial purposes shall be subject to separate terms and conditions and may be subject to a fee.
5. You may occasionally print individual pages of any Site for your private non-commercial use, provided that such printing is not substantial or systematic and our trade marks, copyright notices and trade mark notices are not removed.
6. From time to time we may restrict access to some parts of a Site, or to that entire Site, to users who have registered with us. Registered users may (as detailed in the Additional Terms for that Site) customise some of certain Sites’ features to create personalised areas of the Site for their own private non-commercial use. You must not otherwise alter, adapt or reverse engineer any part of the Site.
7. You must not (whether directly or indirectly):
  1. distribute, transmit, syndicate, sell or offer to sell or otherwise make available all or any part of any Site or in any way seek to commercialise all or part of the combination of materials which together constitute the Site;
  2. distribute, transmit, syndicate, sell or offer to sell or otherwise make available any content, files, feeds or data from a Site, whether publically available or not, except as specifically permitted by that Site and in compliance with any applicable conditions or restrictions; or
  3. copy, download, or store any content, files, feeds or data from any Site, whether publically available or not, to make or populate a database or publication of any kind whatsoever, provided that for the avoidance of doubt this is not intended to restrict copying of an insubstantial part of any such material where you are able to show ‘fair dealing’ with it, in each case in accordance with the UK Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.
8. You may only play video or audio files using the media player on any Site or on the website of one of our licensees who is displaying such material with our authorisation. Where any videos or other materials are displayed through a third-party embedding service you must comply with all applicable conditions of that third party.
9. If you would like to ‘share’ a story, an application, or other content from any Site with somebody, please use the ‘Send to a Friend’ facility or ‘share’ function (or such other similar feature) on the Site, or you may email a link to the Site to your friend or simply ask them to visit the Site. Please ensure that you have their consent before entering their details.
10. You should be aware that content and resources may be removed from any Site with or without notice at any time and we accept no responsibility or liability for any reliance by you on the continued availability of any content or resources on the Site.
11. Whether or not you are a registered user, you must not abuse any Site’s ‘Report this Comment’ facility (or any similar feature) (such as, without limitation, by making malicious reports).
12. You are solely liable and responsible for any third-party charges incurred by you in accessing and using any Site, including in particular any network charges for fixed or mobile internet use.
Linking
1. You may establish a link to one or more Site(s), provided that:
  1. the link is legal and not detrimental or damaging to and/or does not take unfair advantage of our reputation or business;
  2. such linking is not for advertising or promotional purposes (unless we have expressly agreed to it);
  3. the link is not from any website which promotes any political or religious views, or promotes or depicts intolerance, hatred, discrimination, violence, pornography or illegal activity (websites of any such nature being referred to as an “Unacceptable Forum“);
  4. the link does not falsely or misleadingly imply or suggest that we endorse, approve of or are associated with the linked website, its webpages or any of its contents; and
  5. framing of any Site on any other website is not allowed and you must not provide access to the Site or part of it under any other URL.
2. We may withdraw your right to link to any Site without notice and at any time (acting in our sole discretion).
3. Subject to these Terms and to applicable Additional Terms you may only include links on any Site to third party websites or webpages if:
  1. the third party website is not an Unacceptable Forum, and the content of or linking to such third party websites or webpages does not breach any of the provisions set out in clause 6.6;
  2. the terms of use of such websites or webpages allows such linking;
  3. links are clearly and visibly marked as such;
  4. the content of any linked website or webpages are relevant and clearly related to the Content to which it is linked; and
  5. the link will not result in any automatic download.
4. Where any Site and/or applications contain links to other websites, webpages, resources, or mobile services which are proprietary to third parties, other users, advertisers or sponsors, such websites, webpages, resources and mobile services are provided for your information only and you access them at your own risk. We are not liable or responsible for the content or operation of third party websites, webpages, resources or mobile services. You should read any applicable terms and conditions and privacy policies.
Registration
1. Where you are required to register to use a Site or part of a Site, it is your responsibility to provide accurate and complete registration details and to keep such details up to date. We are entitled to rely on any such registration details you provide to us.
2. Unless stated otherwise, each registration is for a single user only and not for multiple users. If you choose, or you are provided with, a user identification code, password or any other piece of information as part of our security procedures, you must treat such information as confidential. You must not disclose it to any third party. You are solely responsible for any loss or damage you or we may suffer as a result of your failure to do so.
3. Your registration with any Site must be in your own, real, name, not under any false or assumed name and not with any other person’s identity. You must not pretend to be a different person. You must provide a valid email address when you register for any Site. If you provide an email address to us then you warrant to us that you are entitled to receive email to such email address. You also acknowledge and agree that we may stop sending emails to you without prior notification.
4. You are responsible for everything done using your registration details. You must not disclose your login details to any other person. If you think that another person may have access to, or be using, your registration details, you must inform us immediately.
5. We may suspend, terminate or prevent your account and/or your access to any or all Site(s) at our sole discretion. Where we suspend, terminate or prevent your registration, you must not attempt to re-register or submit any content, material or applications without our prior written consent.
6. For the avoidance of doubt, where we suspend, terminate or otherwise prevent your account or your access to any Site, we may continue to publish or use your Content (as defined in clause 6) in accordance with the provisions of the applicable Terms.
7. If you know or suspect that anyone other than you knows your user identification code or password, you must promptly notify us in accordance with clause 2 of these Terms.
Your content
1. Each Site may, in accordance with its own Additional Terms, offer you the opportunity to submit, post, display, transmit, perform, publish, distribute or broadcast content and materials, including, without limitation, articles, commentaries, photographs, text, music, video, audio recordings, computer graphics, pictures, data, questions, comments, suggestions or personally identifiable information (“Content”). You retain ownership of any intellectual property rights that you hold in the Content.
2. You grant to us a royalty-free, non-exclusive, perpetual, irrevocable license to use, copy, edit, adapt, publish, reproduce, translate, sub-license, create derivative works from, make available, communicate, display, store and distribute your Content (in whole or part) and/or to incorporate it in other works in any form, format, media, or technology now known or later developed (including without limitation in print, digital and electronic form) throughout the world in accordance with the provisions of these Terms. By submitting your Content, you warrant that you have the right to grant this license. To the extent permitted by law, you waive all moral rights in your Content. To the extent that you are unable to waive any such moral rights, you agree not to assert the same.
3. It is our sole discretion, subject to any rules and procedures applicable to any Site, whether or not we choose to publish or otherwise make available Content on the Site. We may remove Content at our discretion, subject only to our express obligations in respect of peer-reviewed articles.
4. For the avoidance of any doubt, you acknowledge and agree that we may:
  1. Continue to publish all or part of Your Content, including applications, your name, town and country, even if you change your mind and want us to remove it and/or you are no longer registered with the Site;
  2. remove your Content at our sole discretion (even if you have not breached these Terms).
  3. use all or part of your Content in promoting our products and services;
  4. reproduce your trade marks, trade names, service marks, logos, domain names or other identifying signs or images;
  5. publish and/or distribute widgets and other applications similar to yours and bearing our or another user’s branding or logo without any liability or responsibility to you;
  6. modify your Content in any way at our sole discretion.
5. You acknowledge that we are not responsible for checking, monitoring or moderating any Content and you remain solely responsible for all Content that you upload or submit.
6. By uploading or submitting Content to any Site, you warrant that (subject to the following sentences) you are the sole author of and owner of all proprietary rights in the Content. If the Content includes any material that belongs to a third party, you promise that you have obtained the permission of such third party owners to use their material in accordance with the provisions of these Terms, including its publication on the Site concerned and the right of visitors to the Site to download the Content, including such third-party material. You further warrant that you have attached all third-party copyright or proprietary notices which you are required to attach.
7. You warrant and represent that your Content, and the content of any website from which you include a link to any Site, or to which you post a link from a Site, will not be inappropriate. Without limitation, Content (and the content of third-party websites) may be considered inappropriate if:
  1. it is misleading in any way, and/or it gives a false impression as to its origins or approvals;
  2. it is defamatory, plagiarised (including plagiarism from your own work), abusive, malicious, threatening, false, misleading, offensive, insulting, discriminatory, profane, harassing, racist, sexist, indecent, obscene, pornographic, hateful or it advocates violence;
  3. it is in breach of confidentiality or another person’s privacy or other rights, or of any duty owed by you;
  4. it prejudices any active or pending legal proceedings of which you are aware;
  5. it contains accusations of impropriety or personal criticism of our personnel, editors or reviewers;
  6. it infringes any intellectual property rights proprietary to us or any third party;
  7. it is technically harmful (including Content containing, without limitation, computer viruses, logic bombs, trojan horses, worms, harmful components, corrupted data or other malicious software, harmful data or conduct and/or contains any other element which is intended to harm us or any third party, or to carry out or facilitate any fraudulent or dishonest transaction);
  8. it advertises or promotes any product or service or makes any requests for donations or financial support;
  9. it is spam or junk content;
  10. it impersonates another person or otherwise misrepresents your identity, affiliation or status;
  11. it would be considered a criminal or statutory offence in any jurisdiction, or gives rise to civil liability, or is otherwise unlawful; and/or
  12. it is in breach of these Terms and/or of any Additional Terms.
8. You must not attempt to avoid or undermine any protections we put in place for the security and operation of any Site.
9. You must not attempt to gain unauthorised access to any Site, the server on which any Site is hosted or any server, computer or database connected to any Site or to attack any Site via a denial of service attack or by any means other than through a normal web browser in the generally-accepted manner, and in accordance with these Terms. By breaching the provisions of this clause, you may be committing a criminal offence. We shall report any such breach to the relevant law enforcement authorities and we will co-operate with those authorities by disclosing your identity to them and your right to use the affected Site and any other Site whose use is subject to these Terms shall immediately and automatically cease.
10. Unless you have our express permission to do so, you must not re-submit any Content or other material or applications which have previously been rejected or removed.
11. You shall indemnify us on demand and keep us indemnified against all liabilities, losses, damages, costs, claims and expenses (including any professional costs and expenses) suffered or incurred by us arising out of or in connection with any breach or alleged breach by you of this clause 6.
12. You undertake to defend us from and against any claim or action by a third party that the use or possession of any Content submitted or uploaded to any Site by you infringes the intellectual property of such third party (“IPR Claim“), and shall on demand indemnify us and keep us indemnified against all liabilities, losses, damages, costs, claims and expenses (including any professional costs and expenses) suffered or incurred by us arising out of or in connection with any such IPR Claim.
Third party content
1. We are not liable or responsible for any third party content on any Site. Third party content includes, for example, comments, blogs and articles posted by any third parties, Content, the content of advertisements, applications posted by other third parties and content accessed through applications.
Intellectual Property Rights
1. For the avoidance of doubt, we are the owner or the licensee of all intellectual property rights in all Sites. All such rights are reserved. Our status (and that of any identified contributors) as the authors of content on our site must always be acknowledged.
2. We acknowledge and agree that you (or your licensor) retain(s) ownership in any copyright you may have in the Content you submit or upload to any Site, in accordance with the Terms.
Your personal information
1. In addition to these Terms and the Additional Terms, please read the Privacy Policy at http://www.nature.com/info/privacy.html carefully as it governs our collection and use of information about you, and states that we may collect your information in the UK and transfer it to companies within our group (including companies based outside of the UK and Europe). By using our Site, you consent to us obtaining, holding, processing and transferring your data as set out in the Privacy Policy.
Interactive services
1. We may from time to time provide interactive services on any Site, including (without limitation) chat rooms, bulletin boards and other forums (“interactive services“).
2. Where we do provide any interactive service, we will provide clear information to you about the kind of service offered, whether it is moderated and what form of moderation is used (including whether it is human or technical).
3. We are under no obligation to oversee, monitor or moderate any interactive service we provide on any Site, and we expressly exclude our liability for any loss or damage arising from the use of any interactive service by a user in contravention of our content standards at clause 6 of these Terms, and as contained in any Additional Terms, whether the service is moderated or not.
4. The use of our interactive services by a minor is subject to the consent of their parent or guardian. We advise parents who permit their children to use an interactive service that it is important that they communicate with their children about their safety online, as moderation is not foolproof. Minors who are using any interactive service should be made aware of the potential risks to them.
5. Where we do moderate an interactive service, we will normally provide you with a means of contacting the moderator, should a concern or difficulty arise.
Our liability
1. The provisions of this clause 11 set out our entire financial liability (including any liability for the acts or omissions of our employees, agents and sub-contractors) to you in respect of all losses, claims or liabilities arising under or in connection with these Terms or your use of any Site generally, whether in contract, tort (including negligence), breach of statutory duty, or otherwise.
2. The information and material contained on each Site is for information purposes only and does not constitute advice. Such information and material may be incorrect or out of date and should not be considered as a definitive or complete statement. You should check any information and material on the Site and use your own judgement before doing or not doing anything on the basis of such information or material. We make no representations or warranties with respect to the Site or its content. All warranties (express or implied) (including without limitation the implied warranties of satisfactory quality and fitness for purpose relating to any Site and/or its content) are hereby excluded to the fullest extent permitted by law. No representations or warranties are given as to the accuracy or completeness of the information or material provided on any Site or any website or webpage to which it is linked.
3. Nothing in these Terms excludes or limits our liability for death or personal injury caused by our negligence or for fraud of fraudulent misrepresentation or any other liability that cannot be limited by applicable law.
4. To the fullest extent permitted by law, we, other members of our group of companies and third parties connected to us hereby expressly exclude any liability for:
  1. loss of or corruption to data; or
  2. loss of profit; or
  3. loss of anticipated savings; or
  4. loss of anticipated revenue; or
  5. loss of business; or
  6. loss of opportunity; or
  7. adverse effect on reputation and/or goodwill; or
  8. any indirect or consequential loss or damage save that for these purposes losses arising as a result of regulatory fines and damage to property shall to the extent arising as a natural consequence of the breach in question not be regarded as indirect or consequential.
5. Subject to the provisions of clause 11.3 above, our total liability to you in respect of all losses and liabilities arising under or in connection with these Terms, whether in contract, tort (including negligence), breach of statutory duty, or otherwise, shall in no circumstances exceed an amount equal to the amount paid by you to us in the 12 month period immediately preceding the date on which such loss or liability arose or £250, whichever is greater.
6. Without prejudice to the generality of the exclusions of liability contained in this clause 11, we shall not be liable to you if you cannot access any Site properly or at all (wholly or partly) or if some of its features are unavailable to you due to events outside our control (including without limitation the performance of any internet service provider, the performance of any internet browser, limitations of the device you use to access the Site and/or any malicious or unintentional harm done by yourself or others).
7. We shall have no liability to you for any loss, damage or inconvenience suffered due to the unavailability, withdrawal, corruption or loss of any Content, material or other information or data from or on any Site, or for any use of or reliance on any Content on any Site.
8. Whilst we monitor each Site with a view to locating and fixing defects, you acknowledge and agree that we cannot and do not guarantee that each Site or any individual feature of each Site will be error free, be available at all times and/or be free from viruses and defects. We shall not be liable for any loss or damage caused by a virus, distributed denial-of-service attack, or other technologically harmful material that may infect your computer equipment, computer programs, data or other proprietary material due to your use of any Site or to your downloading of any content on it, or on any website linked to it.
Maintenance of the Site
1. You acknowledge and agree that from time to time we may need to suspend access to all or a part of any Site while we:
  1. fix defects and errors in the Site;
  2. install updates and undertake general diagnosis and maintenance of the Site; and
  3. undertake emergency maintenance and/or suspend access to the servers,
  and that as a result of which the Site may be less accessible or unavailable to you from time to time.
Severance
1. If any court or competent authority finds that any provision of these Terms (or part of any provision) is invalid, illegal or unenforceable, that provision or part-provision shall, to the extent required, be deemed to be deleted, and the validity and enforceability of the other provisions of these Terms shall not be affected.
Variation
1. We may revise these Terms at any time by amending this page or the page on which the Additional Terms appear. You must check this page, and the page of each Site where Additional Terms appear, from time to time to take notice of any changes we make, as they are binding on you. Some of the provisions contained in these Terms may also be superseded by provisions or notices published elsewhere on the Site, including without limitation in Additional Terms.
Jurisdiction and applicable law
1. Subject to clause 15.3, the law governing these Terms, and any dispute or claim arising out of or in connection with them or their subject matter or formation (including non-contractual disputes or claims), shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of England and Wales.
2. Subject to clause 15.3, the courts of England and Wales shall have exclusive jurisdiction to settle any dispute or claim that arises out of or in connection with these Terms or its subject matter or formation (including non-contractual disputes or claims). For our exclusive benefit and to the extent possible in the applicable jurisdiction, we retain the right to bring or enforce proceedings as to the substance of the matter in the courts of the country of your residence or, where these Terms are entered into in the course of your trade or profession, the country of the place of business in which you agreed to these Terms or (if different) the country of your principal place of business.
3. If you are in the USA or Canada, these Terms shall be governed by the laws of the State of New York, without regard to any conflict of law provisions, and the parties agree to submit to the exclusive jurisdiction of the courts located in the State of New York.
4. In the event of any legal action arising from or relating to these Terms of Use or your use of any Site, you hereby waive the right to a jury trial.

Online Shop Terms and Conditions

Date of version: 1 August 2017

Index

Definitions, Scope of Application
1. The following Online Shop Terms and Conditions (“T&C”) apply to the use of the Online Shop at www.nature.com (“Online Shop”), as well as to all contracts concluded for purchases on the Online Shop, and to all related services provided by us.
2. Contracting entity (“Springer Nature”):
  1. For customers domiciled or established in the Americas (North America, Central America, South America), contracts are concluded with Springer Customer Service Center LLC, 233 Spring St, New York, NY, 10013 United States, phone 1-866-839-0194, fax: +1 212 460 1700, email: subscriptions@nature.com.
  2. For customers domiciled or established in Europe, Middle East, Africa, Asia, Oceania, Australia, contracts are concluded with Springer Customer Service Center GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 15-17, 69121 Heidelberg, Germany, phone +49 (0) 6221 345 4303, fax: +49 6221 345 4229, email: subscriptions@nature.com.
3. As used in these T&C, the term “Customer” shall refer to users of the Online Shop and to buyers of print products and licences to access digital products on the Online Shop.
4. Any terms of business laid down by the Customer which diverge from these T&C shall not apply. Any confirmation from the Customer that is based on the latter’s own terms of business is hereby expressly refuted. The Customer’s terms of business shall not become part of any agreements unless Springer Nature has expressly confirmed same in writing.
Springer Nature’s Performance
1. In the Online Shop, Springer Nature offers print journals as well as access to online journals for subscription.
2. Print journal purchases always include online access to the content at no extra charge. Some journals may be online only.
3. Springer Nature may also offer online access to individual articles.
4. The specific prices and/or subscription terms are specified in each case at the Online Shop.
Technical Requirements for Using Digital Content
1. For using digital content, the Customer needs normal Internet access and a program for viewing documents in electronic format.
2. The specific electronic format for digital content will be stated in the Online Shop.
Use of the Online Shop
1. Customers intending to place orders at the Online Shop must first register at www.nature.com to use the Online Shop. The Website Terms of Use (http://www.nature.com/info/tandc.html) shall apply.
2. Springer Nature is entitled to turn down individual registrations for the Online Shop without stating any reasons.
Purchase of and Subscription to Print Products and Digital Content
1. The Customer has the option of ordering individual online articles and subscriptions of print or online journals, by clicking on the relevant shopping cart button provided for the goods on offer, and by subsequently completing the order process.
2. By clicking on the “Buy now” button, the Customer submits a proposal to conclude the relevant contract. Springer Nature accepts this proposal by sending an order confirmation by email to the Customer, whereupon the contract is formed. Springer Nature is under no obligation to accept the Customer’s proposal. Springer Nature’s acknowledgement of receipt of an order does not constitute a binding confirmation of the actual order.
Right of Withdrawal for EU Customers
1. Customers which are natural persons domiciled in the European Union have a statutory right of withdrawal.
2. The right of withdrawal for access to online only digital products expires if the performance has begun with the consumer’s prior express consent and his or her acknowledgment that he or she thereby loses his or her right of withdrawal.
3. Subject to the conditions described in clauses 6.1 and 6.2, the Customer has the following withdrawal right:
4. 1. For print journal subscriptions the following shall apply:
    Instruction on withdrawal
    Right of withdrawal
    You have the right to withdraw from this contract within 14 days without giving any reason.
    The withdrawal period will expire after 14 days from the day on which you acquire, or a third party other than the carrier and indicated by you acquires, physical possession of the first good.
    To exercise the right of withdrawal, you must inform us (Springer Customer Service Center GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 15-17, 69121 Heidelberg, Germany, phone +49 6221 345 4303, fax: +49 6221 345 4229, email: subscriptions@nature.com) of your decision to withdraw from this contract by an unequivocal statement (e.g. a letter sent by post, fax or e-mail). You may use the attached model withdrawal form, but it is not obligatory.
    To meet the withdrawal deadline, it is sufficient for you to send your communication concerning your exercise of the right of withdrawal before the withdrawal period has expired.
    Effects of withdrawal
    If you withdraw from this contract, we shall reimburse to you all payments received from you, including the costs of delivery (with the exception of the supplementary costs resulting from your choice of a type of delivery other than the least expensive type of standard delivery offered by us), without undue delay and in any event not later than 14 days from the day on which we are informed about your decision to withdraw from this contract. We will carry out such reimbursement using the same means of payment as you used for the initial transaction, unless you have expressly agreed otherwise; in any event, you will not incur any fees as a result of such reimbursement. We may withhold reimbursement until we have received the goods back or you have supplied evidence of having sent back the goods, whichever is the earliest.
    You shall send back the goods or hand them over to us without undue delay and in any event not later than 14 days from the day on which you communicate your withdrawal from this contract to us. The deadline is met if you send back the goods before the period of 14 days has expired. You will have to bear the direct cost of returning the goods.
    You are only liable for any diminished value of the goods resulting from the handling other than what is necessary to establish the nature, characteristics and functioning of the goods.
  2. For purchase contracts of as well as subscriptions of online access to digital content the following shall apply:
    Instruction on withdrawal
    Right of withdrawal
    You have the right to withdraw from this contract within 14 days without giving any reason.
    The withdrawal period will expire after 14 days from the day on of the conclusion of the contract.
    To exercise the right of withdrawal, you must inform us (Springer Customer Service Center GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 15-17, 69121 Heidelberg, Germany, phone +49 6221 345 4303, fax: +49 6221 345 4229, email: subscriptions@nature.com) of your decision to withdraw from this contract by an unequivocal statement (e.g. a letter sent by post, fax or e-mail). You may use the attached model withdrawal form, but it is not obligatory.
    To meet the withdrawal deadline, it is sufficient for you to send your communication concerning your exercise of the right of withdrawal before the withdrawal period has expired.

Terms & Conditions

Index of Terms

Website Terms of Use

Index

About us

Contacting us

Using Sites

Linking

Registration

Your content

Third party content

Intellectual Property Rights

Your personal information

Interactive services

Our liability

Maintenance of the Site

Severance

Variation

Jurisdiction and applicable law

Online Shop Terms and Conditions

Index

Definitions, Scope of Application

Springer Nature’s Performance

Technical Requirements for Using Digital Content

Use of the Online Shop

Purchase of and Subscription to Print Products and Digital Content

Right of Withdrawal for EU Customers

Instruction on withdrawal

Instruction on withdrawal

Advertising & partnerships

Publishing policies

Author & Researcher services

Legal & Privacy